Common Side Effects of Chemotherapy

You may not experience all of the following symptoms. But you should be aware of them. Your doctor may discuss other side effects with you depending on your diagnosis and treatment.

Anemia and Fatigue

Anemia refers to a low red blood cell count. It causes you to tire because the red blood cells can’t carry enough oxygen to your body’s organs. With anemia, you may find it hard to concentrate. You may also feel dizzy and out of breath.

A blood test called a CBC (Complete Blood Cell Count) will determine if you have anemia.

Neutropenia

Neutropenia is a low white blood cell count. It can be caused by chemotherapy. This symptom can also be determined by a CBC test.

Low white blood cells can lead to infection. You will need to check your temperature if you are at risk for neutropenia. You need to call your doctor's office if you have a fever. Your doctor or nurse will tell you how high your temperature can go before you need to call.

Nausea and Vomiting

There are very effective drugs to control nausea and vomiting.

Nausea and vomiting may occur one to five days after your chemotherapy treatment. Follow your nurse’s instructions for taking your anti-nausea medications at home.

Pain

There has been great progress in the treatment of cancer pain. If you are having pain, tell your doctor or nurse – no one should suffer needlessly.

Hair Loss

Not everyone experiences hair loss; it depends on the chemotherapy treatment drugs and the dosages that you will receive.

If you do experience hair loss, remember your hair will grow back once your treatment is finished.

Constipation

Constipation may be caused by the chemotherapy drugs or the pain medications.

To prevent constipation, remember to drink plenty of water each day, to eat foods high in fiber, and to exercise.

Diarrhea

If you experience diarrhea – inform your nurse or doctor and only take the medications and dosages that they instruct you to take.

Call your doctor or nurse if the diarrhea lasts longer than one day or if there is blood in the stool.

Remember to drink lots of water to prevent dehydration.